| 【行业新闻】贸易战升级，狂加25%关税，仪器仪表产业将何去何从？ |
| 信息来源： 西安仪表制造 | 2019-05-20 点击量： 4105 |
“家是最小国，国是千万家……”。本周的最热门事件非“中美贸易战升级”莫属了，贸易战的升级，波及的行业和企业甚广，一时间网友议论纷纷。狂加25%关税，仪器仪表产业又将何去何从？
"Home is the smallest country,country is tens of millions of families...".This week's hottest event is the"escalation of the Sino-US trade war".The escalation of the trade war has affected a wide range of industries and enterprises.For a time,netizens have been talking about it.Where will the instrument industry go if 25%tariff is imposed?
5月10起美国对2000亿美元中国产品加征的关税从10%上调至25%后，美方进一步威胁，将启动对剩下的3250亿美元中国输美产品征税25%的相关程序。作为反制，5月13日晚间，中国国务院关税税则委员会决定，自2019年6月1日0时起，对原产于美国的约600亿美元进口商品提高加征关税税率。
Since May 10,the United States has raised its tariff on$200 billion of Chinese products from 10%to 25%.The United States has further threatened to initiate a 25%tax on the remaining$325 billion of Chinese imports to the United States.As a countermeasure,on the evening of May 13,the Tariff and Tax Commission of the State Council of China decided to raise tariff rates on imports originating in the United States of America of about$60 billion from 0:00 on June 1,2019.
其中，2493个税目商品实施加征25%的关税；1078个税目商品实施加征20%的关税；974个税目商品实施加征10%的关税。595个税目商品仍实施加征5%的关税。从具体商品品类看，5%的主要集中在化工、仪器类，10%和20%少量涉及食品类，而最高25%的征税档位中，农产品、食品占比较大。
Among them,2493 tax items are subject to 25%tariff,1078 tax items are subject to 20%tariff,and 974 tax items are subject to 10%tariff.Fifty-five tax items are still subject to a 5%tariff.In terms of specific commodity categories,5%are mainly concentrated in chemical industry and instruments,10%and 20%are related to food,while agricultural products and food account for a larger proportion in the highest 25%tax bracket.
由于我国的高端分析仪器严重依赖进口，因此加征关税对仪器仪表的影响将是不可避免的。
As China's high-end analytical instruments rely heavily on imports,the impact of tariffs on instruments will be inevitable.
中美贸易战对出口企业的影响
The Impact of Sino-US Trade War on Export Enterprises
从中国各行业对美国出口的敏感度排序为：电子设备>机械设备>服装制造(纺织)>金属制品>家具>化学制品>塑料橡胶制品>食品。
The sensitivity ranking of Chinese industries to US exports is:electronic equipment>mechanical equipment>garment manufacturing(textile)>metal products>Furniture>chemical products>plastic and rubber products>food.
从事件发酵，到现在为止，并没有听到过多的对于仪器仪表行业的波及影响，很多公司表示，对公司的营业收入和日常经营没有影响。同时，也会密切关注事态发展，采取有效措施维护企业利益，降低对美贸易可能的风险，并保持与投资者的沟通与交流。当然在业内也有很多企业表示，未来逐步通过产品更新换代，削弱关税对公司成本的影响。
Event fermentation,so far,has not heard too much impact on the instrumentation industry,many companies said that the company's business income and daily operations have no impact.At the same time,we will also pay close attention to the development of the situation,take effective measures to safeguard the interests of enterprises,reduce the possible risks of trade with the United States,and maintain communication and exchanges with investors.Of course,there are also many enterprises in the industry that say that in the future,tariffs will gradually weaken the impact of corporate costs through product upgrading.
从长远来看，在中国台湾或东南亚拥有产能的仪器仪表生产商可能会受益，因为他们可以将订单转移到哪些地方以避免关税。对于那些非中国仪器仪表制造商而言，由于中国公司向美国出售仪器仪表产品不多，并将其余产品转向其他非美国市场，因此它们可能会继续面临低价竞争，而较低的价格将对仪器仪表产品的价格产生严重影响。
In the long run,instrumentation manufacturers with capacity in Taiwan or Southeast Asia may benefit from where they can transfer orders to avoid tariffs.For those non-Chinese instrument manufacturers,Chinese companies may continue to face low price competition because they sells few instruments to the United States and divert the rest of their products to other non-American markets.Lower prices will have a serious impact on the prices of instrument products.
中美贸易战对市场格局的影响
The Impact of Sino-US Trade War on Market Structure
早在前几日的新闻联播中，中国早就表明态度：不愿打，但也不怕打，必要时不得不打。硬气的宣言，国人一一叫好。相反的，在事件的第二天，这场“仗”打得道琼斯指数暴跌，美国民众要为此买单，就连白宫首席经济顾问也公开承认贸易战将会两败俱损。
As early as in the news broadcast of the previous few days,China had already expressed its attitude:not willing to fight,but also not afraid to fight,if necessary,have to fight.Manifesto of rigidity,the people applaud one by one.On the contrary,on the second day of the incident,the Dow Jones index plummeted,and Americans had to pay for it.Even the chief economic adviser of the White House publicly acknowledged that the trade war would lose both ways.
而任何事情有好的一面，也有坏的一面。要知道，我国仪器仪表业的中低档产品已具有一定的国际市场竞争力，出口量较大，但高端分析仪器严重依赖进口，几乎达到100%。日趋增加的高端产品需求量，这些高端仪器还在依赖进口，这足以让我们清醒地看到自己同美国之间巨大的技术差距以及对美国核心技术的严重依赖，刚过去不久的“中兴事件”就是一个很好的例子。而于美国而言，美国的人工成本高，很难实现轻工业品的自给自足，还是需要从其它国家进口。所以有人公开承认贸易战将会两败俱损，可以算是一个很理性的看法了。
Everything has a good side and a bad side.We should know that the medium and low-grade products of our instrument industry have a certain international market competitiveness and export volume is large,but the high-end analytical instruments rely heavily on imports,almost 100%.Increasing demand for high-end products,these high-end instruments are still dependent on imports,which is enough for us to clearly see the huge technological gap between ourselves and the United States and the serious dependence on the core technology of the United States.The recent"ZTE Event"is a good example.As far as the United States is concerned,it is difficult to achieve self-sufficiency of light industrial products because of its high labor costs.It is still necessary to import from other countries.So it's a rational view that some people openly admit that trade wars will lose and lose.
同时，中美贸易战的升级，市场格局将面临重新分配，关税的增加，很多产品的成本会大大提高，用户的购买能力可能会下降，可能会出现退而求其次，选择其它国家的进出口商品代替，这样一个新的贸易格局打开。当然，受美国高端分析仪器技术垄断的冲击，我国也会进一步突破技术的壁垒，向着更高的技术精进，早日实现高端分析仪器的自主化。
At the same time,with the escalation of the Sino-US trade war,the market structure will face redistribution,tariffs will increase,the cost of many products will be greatly increased,the purchasing power of users may decline,and the next step may be to choose Import and export commodities from other countries instead.This new trade pattern will be opened.Of course,under the impact of the monopoly of high-end analytical instruments in the United States,China will further break through the technical barriers,move towards higher technological progress,and realize the autonomy of high-end analytical instruments as soon as possible.
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